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verbal suffix ~esstaka
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Examples
(1) ¼Ò¿¬: ¼ºÈñ°¡ ¾îÁ¦ ¾¾¸§ ±¸°æ °¬´Ù(°¡) °øÂ¥·Î ÅÚ·¹ºñÀüÀ» ÅÀ´ë¿ä.
À¯Áø: Á¤¸»ÀÌ¿¡¿ä? ÁÁ¾ÆÇÏ´Â ¾¾¸§µµ º¸°í »óÇ°µµ Ÿ°í, ¼ºÈñ¾¾ ½Å³µ°Ú³×¿ä. (2) ¼ºÈñ: À¯Áø¾Æ, ¿ä»õ Å״Ͻº ¾È ÃÄ?
(3) ³²Æí: ³ª Àá±ñ ³ª°¬´Ù(°¡) ¿Ã°Ô.
(4) µ¿¼ö: ¸¶Å©¾¾´Â Çб³¿¡ ¹¹ Ÿ°í ¿Í¿ä?
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Notes
¡ ´Ù(°¡) indicates
that momentum is transferred or shifted from one action or state to another;
the new action or state occurs in the middle of the earlier action or state.
¡¾ú/¾Ò´Ù(°¡) expresses that momentum is shifted only after the earlier action has been completed rather than in the middle of it. Compare:
(i)
Çб³¿¡ °¡´Ù°¡
»÷µð¸¦ ¸¸³µ´Ù
(ii) Çб³¿¡ °¬´Ù°¡
»÷µð¸¦ ¸¸³µ´Ù.
ö¼ö´Â ÀÌ°¡ ¾ÆÆļ Ä¡°ú¿¡ °¡´Ù°¡ ±×³É µ¹¾Æ¿Ô´Ù.
ö¼ö´Â ÀÌ°¡ ¾ÆÆļ Ä¡°ú¿¡ °¬´Ù(°¡) ¿Ô´Ù.
In (i), the speaker met »÷µð on his/her way to school. In (ii), on the other hand, the speaker met »÷µð after arriving at school.
2. Often¡(¾ú/¾Ò)´Ù°¡ is used without °¡.
3. Some commonly used expressions with ¡¾ú´Ù(°¡):
À̹ø ÁÖÀÏ¿£ ¿©Çà°¬´Ù(°¡) ¿À´À¶ó°í ¼ö¿µÀ» ÇÑ ¹øµµ ¸ø °¬¾î¿ä.
[°¬´Ù(°¡) ¿À´Ù (Lit. to come
back after having gone)]
¿äÁò ³¯¾¾°¡ Ãß¿ü´Ù(°¡) ´õ¿ü´Ù(°¡) Çؼ °¨±â µé±â ½¬¿ö¿ä.
[Ãß¿ü´Ù(°¡) ´õ¿ü´Ù(°¡):
description of fickle weather]
º¯´ö²Ù·¯±â: ÀÌ·¨´Ù Àú·¨´Ù ÇÏ´Â »ç¶÷
fickle-minded, capricious person
¿ä»õ ´«ÀÌ Çϵµ ¸¹ÀÌ ¿Í¼ ¿Ô´Ù°¬´Ù ÇϱⰡ ºÒÆíÇØ¿ä
For these expressions,
[¿Ô´Ù°¬´Ù ÇÏ´Ù to come and go back
and forth, move around]
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